To prevent contamination when using vials and ampules, what should be done?

To ensure the prevention of contamination when using vials and ampules, swabbing the rubber closure with 70% alcohol in the same direction is a crucial practice. This process serves to effectively reduce the microbial load on the surface of the vial closure before the needle penetrates it.

Using 70% alcohol is important as this concentration is effective in killing bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Additionally, swabbing in the same direction helps to avoid dragging contaminants from the edges of the closure toward the center, which could inadvertently be introduced into the vial. This methodical approach minimizes the risk of introducing contaminants into the sterile preparation process.

While other options may seem plausible at first glance, they do not align with best practices for maintaining sterility and preventing contamination during the compounding process. For example, rinsing with water is not advisable as it can introduce moisture, which can in turn promote microbial growth. Using a new needle for each vial is good practice for ensuring that there is no carryover of medications or contaminants, but it does not directly address the initial sterilization of the vial's surface. Wiping the top with an alcohol pad is a similar action to swabbing, but the instruction to do so in the same direction provides a more specific and